Stopping bleeding during injuries, planned and emergency surgical interventions is a difficult and not completely resolved problem. Accordingly, in modern surgery, the most promising direction is the development of new drugs that affect the hemostatic system and locally acting hemostatic agents. This article presents the results of the research on the comparative analysis of the ability of application hemostatic agents to form a blood clot in the in vitro experiment. The hemostatic properties of the following agents were studied: sponge implants based on sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose in two versions: unmodified and thermostabilized, hemostatic collagen sponge, and «Tachocomb» hemostatic sponge. The experiment was performed using stabilized blood citrate of 10 volunteer donors, which was recalcification subsequently, on an APG2-02-P coaguometer. In this research, we confirmed the effectiveness of this technique for the comparative analysis of hemostatic implants. In addition, the results of the research showed that all the samples used by us significantly reduce the coagulation time in the experiment compared with the control.

The aim of this study was retrospective analysis of indications to hot tonsillectomy, its effectiveness and safety. Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is one of the most common complications of acute tonsillitis and the cause of emergency laryngological counselling. In some cases, it is necessary to perform hot tonsillectomy. Material and Methods: In between 2018-2019, 32 patients (aged between 18 to 55 years old) with an initial diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess were admitted. Among them, 18 were women and 14 were men. All underwent hot tonsillectomy. Results: Most of the patients were between 19 - 50 years old. The most common symptoms were pain in the throat, trismus and dysphagia. In all cases incision of an abscess was made, in 10 patients purulent discharge was present. In all patients there was no relief of symptoms after in-cision and antibiotic therapy. In 19 cases without drainage after initial incision, pus was drained after tonsillectomy. In the remaining 13 cases there were additional reservoirs of pus, which were drained after surgery in 7 patients. In 9 patients there was more than one localization of an abscess. There were no problems with intubation and no complications in the early and late postoperative periods occurred. The average time of stay in hospital was 10 days. Conclusion: Lack of improvement after initial treatment of PTA is an indication to hot tonsillectomy. This procedure is not connected with an increased risk of complications. Evacuation of purulent content does not exclude presence of another abscess, unusual localization or parapharyngeal space abscess.

Over the past quarter century, the number of operations for an umbilical hernia among gracenotea increased from 5 to 14%. The article considers the author's method of a laparoscopic hernioraphy as an independent method of a hernioplasty and presents its possibilities as a way to improve the cosmetic effect in a minimally invasive surgical treatment of an umbilical hernia. The clinical example is described in which the proposed hernioraphy was used in a combination with a mesh implant in IPOM-plasty in the patient with the presence of a combined (umbilical and trocar) hernia. A laparoscopic hernioraphy is a relatively easily reproducible technique, economically attractive and quite effective in terms of "fast track" surgery and hospital-preserving technologies that allow to restore the ability to work of the operated patient in the shortest possible time.

Stopping bleeding during operations on parenchymal organs remains an urgent and unsolved task of medicine. One of the ways to stop it is local hemostatic sponges, which contain several active components. Objective: to study the effectiveness of new experimental hemostatic sponges based on collagen with the addition of hemostatic components. Materials and methods: hemostatic activity was evaluated in an experiment on modeling profuse parenchymal bleeding on the liver and spleen in 110 rats. We studied the amount of blood loss of new hemomtatic sponges based on collagen with the addition of: cryoprecipitate 10%; cryoprecipitate and tranexamic acid; tranexamic acid 9%; chitosan and caproferr; hemoblock 2%; hemoblock 5%; hemoblock and tranexamic acid in a comparative aspect. The comparison groups were a control group, a hemostatic sponge "Belkozin", " Zelenaya dubrava" and a gauze napkin. Results: the most effective sample was hemostatic sponge with 9% tranexamic acid, the decrease in the indicator relative to the control group was 83% (387 mg) for liver injury and 79% (284 mg) for spleen injury. Conclusion: the collagen matrix is a suitable carrier for one hemostatic component. This combination makes it possible to achieve the maximum hemostatic effect and the possibility of using these experimental samples in conditions of parenchymal bleeding.

Stomach ulcer is one of the most severe and unpredictable diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The greatest danger in peptic ulcer disease is its complications, such as perforation of the ulcer, penetration into another organ, bleeding. Thanks to modern technical advances in medicine, surgeons have increasingly preferred minimally invasive methods of treating this disease.